从世界范围来看，多数国家对基础研究的资助体系都采用“竞争性项目制+稳定的机构式资助”的双轨模式，但不同国家各有侧重。荷兰、德国、法国等欧洲国家以机构式资助为主，美国和中国的体制比较像，以竞争性项目为主，不过大部分科研人员能获得一份“有市场竞争力”的薪酬并由政府兜底，与项目关系不大。多位专家还注意到，近年来，各国都存在逐渐强调竞争性资助，弱化稳定资助的趋势。

xinpianxingyeshizhongmeizhijianriyijinzhangguanxidejiaodianzhiyi，baodaotidao，meiguozhengfuzhengposhiqiyeshoujinduihuachukouxianzhi，liyoushilaotiaozhongdande“guojiaanquan”yishuo，“qizhongyiweigaoguanfanduimuqianxianzhiduihuachukourengongzhinengyingjiandeguiding，zhirengaizhengcebingmeiyoudadaojianhuanzhongguorengongzhinengfazhandeyuqixiaoguo”。芯(xin)片(pian)行(xing)业(ye)是(shi)中(zhong)美(mei)之(zhi)间(jian)日(ri)益(yi)紧(jin)张(zhang)关(guan)系(xi)的(de)焦(jiao)点(dian)之(zhi)一(yi)，(，)报(bao)道(dao)提(ti)到(dao)，(，)美(mei)国(guo)政(zheng)府(fu)正(zheng)迫(po)使(shi)企(qi)业(ye)收(shou)紧(jin)对(dui)华(hua)出(chu)口(kou)限(xian)制(zhi)，(，)理(li)由(you)是(shi)老(lao)调(tiao)重(zhong)弹(dan)的(de)“(“)国(guo)家(jia)安(an)全(quan)”(”)一(yi)说(shuo)，(，)“(“)其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)位(wei)高(gao)管(guan)反(fan)对(dui)目(mu)前(qian)限(xian)制(zhi)对(dui)华(hua)出(chu)口(kou)人(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)硬(ying)件(jian)的(de)规(gui)定(ding)，(，)指(zhi)认(ren)该(gai)政(zheng)策(ce)并(bing)没(mei)有(you)达(da)到(dao)减(jian)缓(huan)中(zhong)国(guo)人(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)发(fa)展(zhan)的(de)预(yu)期(qi)效(xiao)果(guo)”(”)。(。)